{"id":1802,"date":"2026-07-14T13:25:35","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T13:25:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qazi.blog\/?page_id=1802"},"modified":"2026-07-14T13:25:36","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T13:25:36","slug":"%d8%af%d9%88%da%a9%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%db%95%d9%81%d8%a7-%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b2%db%8c-%d8%b4%db%95%d9%88%d9%82%db%8c","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/qazi.blog\/en\/%d8%af%d9%88%da%a9%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%db%95%d9%81%d8%a7-%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b2%db%8c-%d8%b4%db%95%d9%88%d9%82%db%8c\/","title":{"rendered":"Dr. Mustafa Qazi (Shawqi)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Biography of Dr. Mustafa Qazi (Shawqi)<\/em><\/strong>
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Qazi Latif and his wife Amina Khanum had a son in the year 1275 Solar Hijri (1896 CE) in the city of Mahabad, whom they named Mustafa. From his childhood, Mustafa began his education under the guidance of his father, who at that time was the judge (Qazi) of Mahabad and one of the scholars of the region. Later, he studied literature and the Arabic language with the religious teachers of that era.\nQazi Latif, in addition to being the judge and Qazi of Mahabad, was a knowledgeable and enlightened man who also composed poetry. He well understood that the future of the country would develop and progress through education and the acquisition of knowledge. Therefore, when he prepared to travel to the holy city of Mecca for pilgrimage in 1290 Solar Hijri (1911 CE), he took his son Mustafa \u2014 who was then a passionate and mature young man \u2014 with him and changed the route of the journey toward Istanbul. There, he settled Mustafa to continue his studies at a higher level. Two years later, in 1292 Solar Hijri, Mustafa completed his secondary education in Istanbul. In the same year, he decided to study medicine in a European country, so he headed to Germany and stayed there for three years until 1916 CE. However, he was unable to complete his medical studies in that country. In 1916 CE, he returned to Istanbul and continued his studies at the university there. After completing his education and receiving his medical degree, he went back to Berlin, the capital of Germany, where he stayed with Dr. Jawad Qazi, his cousin. In Berlin, he continued his studies and specialized in pediatrics and internal medicine. Afterward, Dr. Mustafa returned to Istanbul and began working at the Iranian Hospital in that city.\nHowever, before he could complete his medical studies in Istanbul \u2014 that is, during the period of the First World War \u2014 after the martyrdom of Qazi Fattah in Mahabad, Qazi Latif and several of his relatives were taken captive by the Russians and transferred to Siberia. After several years, during the October Revolution of 1917 CE, these prisoners were freed and returned to their homeland. But instead of returning to Mahabad, Qazi Latif headed toward Istanbul via Leningrad. Despite illness and injury, after a long time he was able to reunite with his son Mustafa. The Turkish government of that time showed special respect to Qazi Latif and provided him accommodation in the best hotel in Istanbul. At the same time, he came under intensive medical supervision by the physicians of Istanbul and received the best possible treatment. After a year, Qazi Latif returned to Mahabad, while Mustafa remained in Istanbul to continue his studies. In the years 1918 and 1919 CE, Dr. Mustafa established connections with the \"Society for the Progress of Kurds\" (Komelay P\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ee Kurd), a political organization, and several of his articles and poems were published in the magazine J\u00een, the official organ of that society. It is said that Dr. Mustafa\u2019s prose poem was the first Kurdish short story published.\nDr. Mustafa married a Turkish woman from Thessaloniki in 1919 CE. The fruit of this marriage was a daughter named Gialet (Gealet). In 1924 CE, Dr. Mustafa\u2019s wife passed away. A year later, he married another woman named Farangis, and the fruits of this marriage were three daughters named Maral, Oylker, and Gulbasar. In a family photo that Dr. Mustafa sent to his sister Gevher Taj Khanum, he wrote the names of his children, and there he referred to his first daughter as Nahal.\nIn 1310 Solar Hijri (1931 CE), Dr. Mustafa returned to Iran and was the guest of His Excellency Seyf al-Qudat in Tabriz. In a letter dated 1310.12.12 written by Seyf to the martyr Mohammad Hossein Khan, he mentions that Dr. Mustafa had returned and that he had met him in Tabriz. Dr. Mustafa began practicing medicine in Mahabad and serving the people of the region. However, after two years in Mahabad, he was forced to return to Turkey because his children, who were studying in Istanbul, needed him. He settled again in Istanbul.\nDr. Mustafa passed away in 1329 Solar Hijri (1950 CE) in the city of Istanbul at the age of 54 and was buried there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To understand Dr. Mustafa\u2019s level of awareness and concern for his Kurdish homeland, it is necessary to refer to one of his articles published in issue No. 3 of the magazine Hatawi Kurd, dated January 11, 1914 CE. In this article about schools in Kurdistan and the need to establish new schools in a modern and progressive manner, he notes that three classes of society had taken control of education: the class of Aghas (landlords), the class of Sheikhs, and the class of Mullahs. He writes that each of these three classes, according to their own views and interests, had laid their hands on education, dominated the schools, and did not allow all members of society to benefit from education in a scientific and equal manner.\nAdditionally, Augusta Goode Hart, an American missionary lady who was in Mahabad and was forced to leave the city due to the First World War and stay in Istanbul, wrote in a letter to the American missionary center: \u201cHere I have found a Kurd from Mahabad, a young man named Mustafa Qazi, son of Qazi Latif, who has studied medicine at the University of Istanbul. He spoke to me at length about the sorrows and sufferings of the Kurds.\u201d This letter was published in the magazine Kurdistan Missionary, Year 13, No. 3, March 1921 CE.\nFurthermore, Professor Hassan Qazi, who translated the book Tarikhcha-ye Khanvadeh-ye Qazi dar Velayat-e Mukri (written by Khalil Fattah Qazi) into Kurdish, writes on page 214: In 1375 Solar Hijri, together with Professor Dr. Amir Hassanpour, on the occasion of the centenary of Dr. Mustafa\u2019s birth, we published a detailed article in the magazine (Kurdistan Missionary) in which some of Dr. Mustafa\u2019s poems and prose works were reproduced. In this article, which was also published in the magazine Gezing in Sweden, Dr. Amir Hassanpour mentions that Dr. Mustafa\u2019s prose poem \u2014 which is the story of his own life from childhood until the completion of his studies \u2014 is the first Kurdish prose work published in the Sorani dialect in the magazine J\u00een. It is considered a very important literary source published nearly a century ago. This magazine was printed in America. Also, parts of Dr. Mustafa\u2019s letters, which he exchanged in English with the scientific center (The Lutheran Orient Mission) and were published in the magazine J\u00een, demonstrate the high level of knowledge and understanding of this noble man.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sources:\n\nA Brief History of the Qazi Family (written by Khalil Fattah Qazi)\nCompiled by: Ahmad Fattah Qazi\nReviewed by: Nasir Qazi<\/p>\n\n\n